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Avoiding Problems with Solar PV System Labels

(January 2012) posted on Tue Jan 31, 2012

To avoid label problems, solar system manufacturers need to consider standards, environmental conditions, durability, readability, and cost.


By Mark R. White III

As solar PV installations continue to grow in the U.S., manufacturers and installers are faced with demands for lifecycle warranties of 20 years or more. Not only do PV systems need to function at rated levels for that time period, but the labels on the systems are also expected to last as long, despite weather conditions, UV exposure, and other factors that affect durability and readability. Manufacturers of PV systems need to avoid problems due to poor label design and construction, while meeting international, state, and local regulations.

There are many components of a PV system that require labels, including: modules/panels, interconnects, inverters, and electrical panels/enclosures. Labels are important for production control, traceability, branding, power rating, and other identification tasks. In addition to meeting regulations, labels provide important performance and output information that owners and installers require. The label can also provide confirmation that a specific module conforms exactly to what the customer ordered.

Working with an experienced materials converter and adhesives supplier can help manufacturers avoid unnecessary risks caused by inadequate labels. To avoid label problems, solar system manufacturers need to consider standards, environmental conditions, durability, readability, and cost.

Standards
In addition to standards that apply to all electrical products, including UL, CSA, TUV, IEEE, RoHS, and others, solar system labels must meet National Electrical Code (NEC) and International Fire Code (IFC) standards. In the United States, these standards are then subject to state and local regulations.

NEC section 690 specifies that labels must be durable, unalterable material permanently attached to the device. They must meet current electrical standards and be approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, such as UL, CSA, ETL, etc. PV modules/panels need to meet IEEE 1262 (listed to UL 1703) and inverters must meet IEEE 929, 1374, and 1547 (listed to UL 1741). They must also meet IEC 61215/IEC 61646 standards.

Permanent labels are expected to be applied to all components in a system, including the connection to the power grid. PV modules/panels are labeled with the following types of information: module type, electrical ratings, safety warning, and certifications.


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